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Chronological Epoch

Ancient & Medieval Era (Pre-1400)

60 Masterpieces Cataloged from this Period

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Fragment of a Hanging

Fragment of a Hanging

Egypt, 5th-6th century

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Oribe-Type Ewer

Oribe-Type Ewer

Japan, early 17th century

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Portrait Vessel

Portrait Vessel

Ceramist unknown (Moche) Southern Moche region, north coast, Peru, 600–700

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Retable and Frontal of the Life of Christ and the Virgin

Retable and Frontal of the Life of Christ and the Virgin

Spanish, 1396

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Head of a Luohan

Head of a Luohan

China, Northern Song, Liao, or Jin dynasty, c. 11th century

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Head of a Male Deity (Deva)

Head of a Male Deity (Deva)

Cambodia, probably Angkor Thom, Angkor period, late 12th–early 13th century

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Royal Horse Inspection

Royal Horse Inspection

Iran, probably Isfahan Aliquli Jabbadar, Safavid dynasty (1501–1722), late 17th century

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Yang Pu Moving His Family

Yang Pu Moving His Family

Artist Unknown Chinese, Yuan dynasty (1279–1368) 元朝

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Plum Vase (Maebyeong) with Clouds, Cranes, and Children Motifs

Plum Vase (Maebyeong) with Clouds, Cranes, and Children Motifs

Korea, Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), late 12th century

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Funerary Urn (Hunping)

Funerary Urn (Hunping)

China, Western Jin dynasty (A.D. 265–316), late 3rd century

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Tankard (Hanap) with Tulips, Hyacinths, Roses, and Carnations

Tankard (Hanap) with Tulips, Hyacinths, Roses, and Carnations

Turkey Iznik, Ottoman dynasty (1299–1923), Late 16th century

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Vessel with Dancing Maize Gods

Vessel with Dancing Maize Gods

Aj Maxam (Maya) Vicinity of Naranjo, Petén region, Guatemala, 780–810

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Coffin and Mummy of Paankhaenamun

Coffin and Mummy of Paankhaenamun

Egyptian; Thebes (now Luxor), Egypt, Third Intermediate Period, Dynasty 22, reign of Osorkon I (about 924–889 BCE)

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Tiered Offering Mandala of the Goddess of Wealth (Vasudhara)

Tiered Offering Mandala of the Goddess of Wealth (Vasudhara)

Nepal, 19th century

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Legends of the Yūzū Nembutsu Sect

Legends of the Yūzū Nembutsu Sect

Artist unknown Japanese, active 14th century, Kamakura period (1185–1333), 14th century

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Ritual Cache

Ritual Cache

Salado branch of the Mogollon New Mexico, United States, 1300–1400

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Corpus of Christ, from the Altarpiece of the Crucifixion

Corpus of Christ, from the Altarpiece of the Crucifixion

Jacques de Baerze (Netherlandish, active before 1384–1399) Melchior Broederlam (Netherlandish, about 1355–about 1411), 1391–99

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Storage Jar with Horizontal Bands of Interlocking Scrolls

Storage Jar with Horizontal Bands of Interlocking Scrolls

Ceramist unknown (Ancestral Puebloan), Black Mesa Black-on-white Kayenta area, northeastern Arizona, United States, 875–1130

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Head of an Apostle

Head of an Apostle

French; Paris, c. 1210

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Reliquary Casket of Saints Adrian and Natalia

Reliquary Casket of Saints Adrian and Natalia

León, Spain, 1100–50

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Incense Burner in the Form of a Duck

Incense Burner in the Form of a Duck

China, Song dynasty (960–1279), 12th century

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Equestrienne

Equestrienne

China, Tang dynasty (618–907), mid-8th century

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Mirror Frame with Tree of Life Motif

Mirror Frame with Tree of Life Motif

India, Mughal dynasty (1526-1857), 17th/18th century

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Triptych with Scenes from the Life of Christ

Triptych with Scenes from the Life of Christ

German; Cologne, 1350–75

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Shiva as Lord of the Dance (Nataraja)

Shiva as Lord of the Dance (Nataraja)

India Tamil Nadu, Chola period, about 10th/11th century

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Buddha Shakyamuni Seated in Meditation (Dhyanamudra)

Buddha Shakyamuni Seated in Meditation (Dhyanamudra)

India Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu, Chola period, about 12th century

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Fragment

Fragment

Probably Granada, Spain, Nasrid dynasty (1230–1492), late 15th century

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Ceremonial Knife (Tumi)

Ceremonial Knife (Tumi)

Chimú Lambayeque Valley, north coast, Peru, 1100–1470

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Head

Head

Fang Gabon Central Africa, Mid–late 19th century

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Cauldron

Cauldron

China, Western Zhou dynasty (1046–771 BC ), early 9th century BC

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Triptych

Triptych

Central Ethiopia Eastern and Southern Africa, Late 17th century

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Chair (Kiti Cha Enzi)

Chair (Kiti Cha Enzi)

Swahili Lamu, Kenya Eastern and Southern Africa, 19th century

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Ceremonial Hanging (Palepai)

Ceremonial Hanging (Palepai)

Paminggir people Lampung area, South Sumatra, Indonesia, 19th century

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Processional Cross with Saint Mary Magdalene and a Blessed Hermit

Processional Cross with Saint Mary Magdalene and a Blessed Hermit

Lorenzo Monaco (Italian, 1370/75–1425), 1392–95

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Portrait Bust of a Woman

Portrait Bust of a Woman

Roman, Mid–2nd century

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Cow Suckling a Calf

Cow Suckling a Calf

India Madhya or Uttar Pradesh, About 9th century

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Male Figure (Nkisi Nkondi)

Male Figure (Nkisi Nkondi)

Kongo: Vili Republic of the Congo Central Africa, Probably early to mid-19th century

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Fragment (Dress Fabric)

Fragment (Dress Fabric)

China, Tang dynasty (CE 618–906), late 8th/early 9th century

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Mural Fragment Depicting a Maguey Bloodletting Ritual

Mural Fragment Depicting a Maguey Bloodletting Ritual

Teotihuacan Tlacuilapaxco apartment compound, Teotihuacán, Mexico, 500–600 CE

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Karttikeya, Commander of the Divine Army, Seated on a Peacock

Karttikeya, Commander of the Divine Army, Seated on a Peacock

India Andhra Pradesh, Madanapalle, Ganga Period, about 12th century

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Stela of Amenemhat and Hemet

Stela of Amenemhat and Hemet

Egyptian; probably Thebes (now Luxor), Egypt, Middle Kingdom, early Dynasty 12, about 1956–1877 BCE

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Maize and Cockscombs

Maize and Cockscombs

Artist unknown Japanese, mid 17th century

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Seated Bodhisattva

Seated Bodhisattva

Japan, 8th century

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Crucifix with Scenes of the Passion

Crucifix with Scenes of the Passion

Unknown Artist, c. 1230–40

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Arhat

Arhat

Unknown Artist, 1235

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Funerary Portrait of a Young Girl

Funerary Portrait of a Young Girl

Unknown Artist, c. 25–37 CE

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Green Tara

Green Tara

Aniko (Nepalese, active in Tibet mid- to late 1200s), c. 1260s, mounted 2020

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Mural Fragment with Elite Male and Maguey Cactus Leaves

Mural Fragment with Elite Male and Maguey Cactus Leaves

Unknown Artist, 500–550

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The Illustrated Miraculous Origins of the Yūzū Nenbutsu School

The Illustrated Miraculous Origins of the Yūzū Nenbutsu School

Unknown Artist, early 1300s

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The Wade Cup with Animated Script

The Wade Cup with Animated Script

Unknown Artist, 1200–1221

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Red-Figure Calyx-Krater (Mixing Vessel): Medea in Chariot (A); Telephos with Baby Orestes (B)

Red-Figure Calyx-Krater (Mixing Vessel): Medea in Chariot (A); Telephos with Baby Orestes (B)

Policoro Painter (South Italian, Lucanian, active c. 400 BCE), c. 400 BCE

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Nataraja, Shiva as the Lord of Dance

Nataraja, Shiva as the Lord of Dance

Unknown Artist, 1000s

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The Madonna of Humility with the Temptation of Eve

The Madonna of Humility with the Temptation of Eve

Olivuccio di Ciccarello (Italian, Marche, 1360/65–1439), c. 1400

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The Crucifixion

The Crucifixion

Andrea da Firenze (Italian, 1379), c. 1360s

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Mountains of the Immortals

Mountains of the Immortals

Chen Ruyan (Chinese, c. 1331–1371), 1300–1370

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Welcoming Descent of Jizō

Welcoming Descent of Jizō

Unknown Artist, 1200s

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Seated Arhat with Two Attendants

Seated Arhat with Two Attendants

Unknown Artist, late 1200s

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In the Palace

In the Palace

Zhou Wenju (Chinese, active 942–961), before 1140

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The Crucifixion of St. Andrew, with St. Francis and St. Paul below

The Crucifixion of St. Andrew, with St. Francis and St. Paul below

Berlinghiero (Italian, before 1242), c. 1230s

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Virgin and Child with Saints

Virgin and Child with Saints

Berlinghiero (Italian, before 1242), c. 1230s

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